A Polypectomy is a surgical procedure aimed at removing polyps, which are abnormal growths that can develop in the gastrointestinal tract or other organs. These polyps vary in size and shape, and while they can be benign (noncancerous), there is always a risk that some might be precursors to cancer. Regular screenings, such as colonoscopies, are crucial for early detection, as most polyps do not present any symptoms. During a colonoscopy, a gastroenterologist can visually inspect the colon and rectum for these growths, and if any are found, they can be excised on the spot, minimizing the need for a separate surgical procedure.
The procedure can also be performed during an upper endoscopy, which examines the esophagus, stomach, and the upper part of the small intestine. The techniques employed in a polypectomy vary depending on the location and type of polyp. In most cases, the doctor uses specialized tools to cut the polyp from its base, ensuring complete removal. After the procedure, the extracted polyps are usually sent to a laboratory for histopathological examination to determine their nature. This evaluation aids in assessing the patient’s risk of future polyps or colorectal cancer, guiding further surveillance and management.